Buglyst Blog

Learn to debug under pressure.

Playbooks for fast pattern recognition, guides for the full investigation, and articles for the engineering judgment around the edges.

( 02 )Deep debugging guides

Structured investigations for the failure modes engineers meet in real systems.

Browse all guides
Guide

Pulumi State Drift: How Refresh Lies and What to Actually Do

A hard-nosed guide to diagnosing and fixing Pulumi state drift when `pulumi refresh` doesn't behave as expected. Covers real root causes, verification steps, and a war story from production.

Cloud
Guide

Ansible Task Not Idempotent: Changed Every Run

An Ansible task that reports 'changed' on every run is breaking idempotency. This guide covers real-world causes beyond check_mode, from missing diff to transient state in shell commands.

Cloud
Guide

Istio Sidecar Envoy 503: Debugging Upstream Connection Failures

A systematic guide to diagnosing 503 responses from Istio sidecar proxies, covering upstream cluster issues, TLS mismatch, and routing misconfigurations.

Kubernetes
Guide

Linkerd mTLS Handshake Failures: A Practical Debugging Guide

Linkerd mTLS connections failing? This guide covers diagnosing broken TLS handshakes, certificate mismatches, and policy misconfigurations in Kubernetes.

Kubernetes
Guide

Debugging SWC Transform Errors: Syntax Errors in Rust-Based JS/TS Transforms

A practical guide to diagnosing and fixing syntax errors when using SWC for JavaScript/TypeScript transforms. Covers common causes like mismatched decorators, unsupported syntax, and misconfigured .swcrc.

Build tools
Guide

Metro Bundler 'Unable to Resolve Module' — Real Debugging & Fix Strategy

A practical guide to debugging Metro Bundler's 'Unable to resolve module' errors in React Native projects, covering cache, aliases, symlinks, and native module misconfigurations.

Build tools
( 03 )Engineering articles

Long-form thinking on debugging habits, observability, and the systems around the bug.

Browse all articles
Article

Why Your P99 Latency Is Lying to You (and What to Use Instead)

The 99th percentile is the go-to metric for tail latency, but it's easy to fool. Here's a real outage caused by trusting P99, and how to build a more honest monitoring stack.

Performance
Article

The Real Cost of N+1 Queries: More Than Just Slow Pages

N+1 queries are often dismissed as a minor performance issue, but their real cost goes far beyond slow page loads—think cascading timeouts, database meltdowns, and cloud bills that balloon overnight. Here's what you're actually paying for.

Database
Article

Reading Flame Graphs: The Non-Obvious Patterns That Reveal Real Bottlenecks

Flame graphs are everywhere in performance profiling, but most engineers only scratch the surface. Here are the patterns that actually tell you where your code is slow.

Performance
Article

Print Debugging vs Debugger: When printf Wins and When It Fails

Printf debugging is dismissed as primitive, but in many real-world scenarios it's faster and more reliable than a full debugger. Here's the tradeoff with concrete examples from distributed systems and production incidents.

Debugging
Article

Writing Postmortems That Actually Improve Reliability

A postmortem that blames someone gets filed and forgotten. A postmortem that traces cause without blame becomes a reliability upgrade. Here's how to write the second kind, with a real example from an 18-hour DNS outage.

Incidents
Article

Feature Flag Debt: When Your 500 Conditional Branches Become the Incident

Feature flags are great until they're not. Here's how to audit, remove, and automate cleanup before your 500th conditional branch becomes the root cause of a production incident.

Engineering